Cool Ties and Water Crystals

Cool Tie SAP:

These large grain SAP particles hold about 400-times their weight in water and can be sewn into cool ties, headband and cooling vests.  The AgSAP™ Water Crystals are available in three sizes (S=Small, M=Medium and L=Large).

• Type S = 200 to 800 microns
• Type M = 800 to 2000 microns (or 2 mm)
• Type L = 2 to 4 millimeters

BEAT THE HEAT & CHILL OUT with an attractive Cool Tie Scarf!

These scarves are an easy, fast project made from readily available materials. They make great gifts, school projects and give-aways. Let your imagination and creativity run wild with fabric patterns and colors!

The AgSAP™ Water Crystals are nontoxic polyacrylamide granules of super absorbent polymer available from M² Polymer Technologies (www.m2polymer.com). These same water crystals are used to conserve water and nurture plants in arid conditions. They are concealed in the casing of a cotton neck scarf. When the scarf is soaked in water, the crystals absorb the water, expand, and turn into a crystalline gel. The cotton fabric absorbs water from the gel, and then the water slowly evaporates for a cooling effect. Scarves stay cool and moist for hours due to the polymer’s water-retaining properties and the slower evaporation rate than plain water alone.

For more information, visit:

http://www.m2polymer.com/html/cool_ties_water_crystals.html

Until the 1980’s, water absorbing materials were cellulosic or fiber-based products. Choices were tissue paper, cotton, sponge, and fluff pulp. The water retention capacity of these types of materials is only 20 times their weight – at most.

In the early 1960s, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) was conducting work on materials to improve water conservation in soils. They developed a resin based on the grafting of acrylonitrile polymer onto the backbone of starch molecules (i.e. starch-grafting). The hydrolyzed product of the hydrolysis of this starch-acrylonitrile co-polymer gave water absorption greater than 400 times its weight. Also, the gel did not release liquid water the way that fiber-based absorbents do.

The polymer came to be known as “Super Slurper”. The USDA gave the technical know how several USA companies for further development of the basic technology. A wide range of grating combinations were attempted including work with acrylic acid, acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).

Since Japanese companies were excluded by the USDA, they started independent research using starch, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), acrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and isobutylene maleic anhydride (IMA).

Early global participants in the development of super absorbent chemistry included Dow Chemical, Hercules, General Mills Chemical, DuPont, National Starch & Chemical, Enka (Akzo), Sanyo Chemical, Sumitomo Chemical, Kao, Nihon Starch and Japan Exlan.

In the early 1970s, super absorbent polymer was used commercially for the first time – not for soil amendment applications as originally intended – but for disposable hygienic products. The first product markets were feminine sanitary napkins and adult incontinence products.

In 1978, Park Davis (d.b.a. Professional Medical Products) used super absorbent polymers in sanitary napkins.

Super absorbent polymer was first used in Europe in a baby diaper in 1982 when Schickendanz and Beghin-Say added the material to the absorbent core. Shortly thereafter, UniCharm introduced super absorbent baby diapers in Japan while Proctor & Gamble and Kimberly-Clark in the USA began to use the material.

The development of super absorbent technology and performance has been largely led by demands in the disposable hygiene segment. Strides in absorption performance have allowed the development of the ultra-thin baby diaper which uses a fraction of the materials – particularly fluff pulp – which earlier disposable diapers consumed.

Over the years, technology has progressed so that there is little if any starch-grafted super absorbent polymer used in disposable hygienic products. These super absorbents typically are cross-linked acrylic homo-polymers (usually Sodium neutralized).

Super absorbents used in soil amendments applications tend to be cross-linked acrylic-acrylamide co-polymers (usually Potassium neutralized).

Besides granular super absorbent polymers, ARCO Chemical developed a super absorbent fiber technology in the early 1990s. This technology was eventually sold to Camelot Absorbents. There are super absorbent fibers commercially available today. While significantly more expensive than the granular polymers, the super absorbent fibers offer technical advantages in certain niche markets including cable wrap, medical devices and food packaging.

More information can be found at: http://www.m2polymer.com/html/history_of_superabsorbents.html